Partonomy list P4, primary language: EN, subsidiary: LA, interface: EN, work in progress

basal nuclei (pair)

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Top level central nervous system Short Extended
Level 2 encephalon Short Extended
Level 3 telencephalon Short Extended
Current level basal nuclei (pair)
Subsidiary language with Latin
Non Latin primary language
Partonomy list
FMA TA UID ISA
Short English equivalent
Short official Latin term
61887 6216 tax
basal nuclei (pair)
nuclei basales (par)
61833 6217 tax
caudate nucleus (pair)
nucleus caudatus (par)
61852 6218 tax
head of caudate nucleus (pair)
caput nuclei caudati (par)
61853 6219 tax
body of caudate nucleus (pair)
corpus nuclei caudati (par)
61854 6220 tax
tail of caudate nucleus (pair)
cauda nuclei caudati (par)
77615 6221 tax
lentiform nucleus (pair) ; lenticular nucleus (pair)
nucleus lentiformis (par) ; nucleus lenticularis (par)
61834 6222 tax
putamen (pair)
putamen (par)
62469 6223 tax
lateral medullary layer ; external medullary layer
lamina medullaris lateralis ; lamina medullaris externa
61839 6224 tax
lateral segment of globus pallidus (pair); external segment of globus pallidus (pair)
globus pallidus lateralis (par); globus pallidalis externus (par)
62470 6225 tax
medial medullary layer ; internal medullary layer
lamina medullaris medialis ; lamina medullaris interna
61840 6226 tax
medial segment of globus pallidus (pair); internal segment of globus pallidus (pair)
globus pallidus medialis (par); globus pallidalis internus (par)
6227 tax
lateral part (pair)
pars lateralis (par)
62471 6228 tax
accessory medullary layer (pair)
lamina medullaris accessoria (par)
6229 tax
medial part (pair)
pars medialis (par)
9839 tax
grey matter of striatum (pair) ▲
substantia grisea striati (par)
77620 6232 tax
dorsal striatum (pair)
striatum dorsale (par)
9840↓ tax
grey matter of caudate nucleus (pair) ▲
substantia grisea nuclei caudati (par)
9841 tax
striosome (pair)
striosoma (par)
9842 tax
striatal matrix (pair)
matrix striatalis (par)
6240 tax
caudatolenticular grey bridges (pair) ; transcapsular grey bridges (pair) ▲
pontes grisei caudatolenticulares (par) ; pontes grisei transcapsulares (par)
77614 6205 tax
ventral striatum (pair)
striatum ventrale (par)
9844↓
fundus of striatum (pair)
fundus striati (par)
61889 6206 tax
nucleus accumbens (pair)
nucleus accumbens (par)
77385 6207 tax
central part (pair) ; core region (pair)
pars centralis (par)
77386 6208 tax
medial part (pair) ; shell region (pair)
pars medialis (par)
61891 6199 tax
olfactory tubercle (pair)
tuberculum olfactorium (par)
61888 6194 tax
olfactory islets (pair) ; terminal islets (pair)
insulae olfactoriae (par) ; insulae terminales (par)
9852↓ tax
neurons of striatum (pair)
neura striati (par)
9853 tax
projection neurons of striatum (pair); principal neurons of striatum (pair)
neura projectionis striati (par) ; neura principalia striati (par)
8791 tax
middle spinous neurons of striatum (pair) ; medium-sized spiny cells of striatum (pair)
neura spinosa magnitudinis mediae striati (par)
8792 tax
interneurons of striatum (pair)
interneura striati (par)
8794 tax
excitatory interneurons of striatum (pair)
interneura excitatoria striati (par)
8795 tax
cholinergic interneurons of striatum (pair)
interneura cholinergica striati (par)
8797↓ tax
inhibitory interneurons of striatum (pair)
interneura inhibitoria striati (par)
8799 tax
GABAergic interneurons of striatum (pair)
interneura GABAergica striati (par)
9845 tax
grey matter of pallidum (pair) ▲
substantia grisea pallidi (par)
77619 6234 tax
dorsal pallidum (pair) ; globus pallidus (pair)
pallidum dorsale (par) ; globus pallidalis (par)
77613 9145 tax
ventral pallidum (pair)
pallidum ventrale (par)
8800 tax
neurons of globus pallidus (pair)
neura (par)
8801 tax
projection neurons of globus pallidus (pair); principal neurons of globus pallidus (pair)
neura projectionis (par) ; neura principalia (par)
8804 tax
large cells of globus pallidus (pair)
neura magna (par)
8805 tax
white matter of basal nuclei (pair)
substantia alba nucleorum basalium (par)
8806 tax
striatal tracts (pair)
tractus striatales (par)
61960 6267↓ tax
extreme capsule
capsula extrema
61959 6266 tax
external capsule
capsula externa
77637 9509↓ tax
subcallosal bundle
fasciculus subcallosus
62070 5874 tax
ansa lenticularis
ansa lenticularis
61976 5875 tax
lenticular fasciculus
fasciculus lenticularis
77525 5888 tax
subthalamic fasciculus
fasciculus subthalamicus
62065 5890 tax
thalamic fasciculus
fasciculus thalamicus
8807 tax
striatal pathways (pair)
connexus striatales (par)
8808 tax
striatal afferent pathways (pair)
connexus afferentes striatales (par)
9544 tax
corticostriatal fibres (pair) ▲
fibrae corticostriatales (par)
8543 tax
amygdalostriatal fibres (pair) ▲
fibrae amygdalostriatales (par)
7918 tax
thalamostriatal fibres (pair) ▲
fibrae thalamostriatales (par)
8485 tax
nigrostriatal fibres (pair) ▲
fibrae nigrostriatales (par)
8809 tax
striatal efferent pathways (pair)
connexus efferentes striatales (par)
8546 tax
striatopallidal fibres (pair) ▲
fibrae striatopallidales (par)
8118 tax
striatonigral fibres (pair) ▲
fibrae striatonigrales (par)
8810 tax
pallidal pathways (pair)
connexus pallidales (par)
8811 tax
pallidal afferent pathways (pair)
connexus pallidales afferentes (par)
8546 tax
striatopallidal fibres (pair) ▲
fibrae striatopallidales (par)
7922 tax
subthalamopallidal fibres (pair) ▲
fibrae subthalamopallidales (par)
8812 tax
pallidal efferent pathways (pair) ▲
connexus pallidales efferentes (par)
8547 tax
pallidosubthalamic fibres (pair) ▲
fibrae pallidosubthalamicae (par)
8548 tax
pallidothalamic fibres (pair) ▲
fibrae pallidothalamicae (par)
8549 tax
pallidohabenular fibres (pair) ▲
fibrae pallidohabenulares (par)
8550 tax
pallidonigral fibres (pair) ▲
fibrae pallidonigrales (par)
8551 tax
pallidotegmental fibres (pair) ▲
fibrae pallidotegmentales (par)
69 lines
43.5 %
47.8 %
Scientific notes
UID
Libelle of note
6267
The Capsula extrema (Extreme capsule) forms one of the Long association systems involved in language processing (see Catani M, Thiebaut de Schotten M 2012 Atlas of Human Brain Connections. Oxford University Press, Oxford).
8797
The large cholinergic neurons of the Striatum were originally described as Giant interneurons by Kölliker. Three types of GABAergic striatal interneurons can be distinguished, based on size and the colocalization of Parvalbumin, Somatostatin/NPY and Calretinin (Bolam 2010; Haber et al. 2012).
9509
The Fasciculus subcallosus (Subcallosal fasciculus or Bundle of Muratoff; Muratoff W 1893 Secundäre Degenerationen nach Durchschneidung des Balkens. Neurol Centralbl 12:714-729) forms a separate bundle of Corticostriatal fibres (see Schmahmann JD, Pandya DN 2007 The complex history of the fronto-occipital fasciculus. J Hist Med 16:362-377).
9840
The Striatum and Putamen consist of AChE-poor Striosomes within an AChE-rich matrix (Graybiel AM, Ragsdale CW Jr 1978 Histochemically distinct compartments in the striatum of human, monkey and cat demonstrated by acetylthiocholinesterase staining. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 75:5723-5726; Graybiel AM 1990 Neurotransmitters and modulators in the basal ganglia. Trends Neurosci 13:244-254).
9844
The term Fundus striati points to the ventral parts of the Caudate nucleus and Putamen, that with the Nucleus accumbens and the Olfactory tubercle form the Ventral Striatum.
9852
For Golgi studies see Braak H, Braak E (1982 Neuronal types in the striatum of man. Cell Tissue Res 227:319-342), and Graveland GA, Williams RS, DiFiglia M (1985 A Golgi study of the human neostriatum: Neurons and afferent fibers. J Comp Neurol 234:317-333); for immunohistochemical and physiological data see Bolam JP (2010 Microcircuits of the striatum. In: Shepherd GM, Grillner S, eds: Handbook of Brain Microcircuits. Oxford University Press, New York, pp 109-119) and Haber SN, Adler A, Bergman H (2012 The basal ganglia. In: Mai JK, Paxinos G, eds: The Human Nervous System, 3rd ed. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 678-838).
Signature
Type of list P4
List Unit Identifier 6216
Number of children 162 (validated)
Number of units 69 (validated)
Signature 9161 (validated since 2.2.2025)
Date: 05.04.2025